/utphys

%%% ====================================================================

%%%  @BibTeX-style-file{

%%%     filename        = "amsplain.bst",

%%%     version         = "2.0",

%%%     date            = "2000/03/27",

%%%     time            = "13:49:29 EST",

%%%     checksum        = "37449 1255 3734 27098",

%%%     author          = "American Mathematical Society",

%%%     address         = "American Mathematical Society,

%%%                        Technical Support,

%%%                        Electronic Products and Services,

%%%                        P. O. Box 6248,

%%%                        Providence, RI 02940,

%%%                        USA",

%%%     telephone       = "401-455-4080 or (in the USA and Canada)

%%%                        800-321-4AMS (321-4267)",

%%%     FAX             = "401-331-3842",

%%%     email           = "tech-support@ams.org (Internet)",

%%%     copyright       = "Copyright 1995 American Mathematical Society,

%%%                        all rights reserved.  Copying of this file is

%%%                        authorized only if either:

%%%                        (1) you make absolutely no changes to your copy,

%%%                        including name; OR

%%%                        (2) if you do make changes, you first rename it

%%%                        to some other name.",

%%%     codetable       = "ISO/ASCII",

%%%     keywords        = "bibtex, bibliography, amslatex, ams-latex",

%%%     supported       = "yes",

%%%     abstract        = "BibTeX bibliography style `amsplain' for BibTeX

%%%                        versions 0.99a or later and LaTeX version 2e.

%%%                        Produces numeric-label bibliography items in

%%%                        a form typical for American Mathematical Society

%%%                        publications.",

%%%     docstring       = "The checksum field above contains a CRC-16

%%%                        checksum as the first value, followed by the

%%%                        equivalent of the standard UNIX wc (word

%%%                        count) utility output of lines, words, and

%%%                        characters.  This is produced by Robert

%%%                        Solovay's checksum utility.",

%%%  }

%%% ====================================================================

%    Modified by Jacques Distler, 7/2010

%

%  Added support for Eprint archives.

%     doi support

%     url, collaboration, report and SLACcitation fields 

%

% HyperTeX Wizardry:

%

% The following are equivalent:

%   archive  =  arXiv

%   eprint   = "hep-th/9605023"

% and

%   eprint   = "hep-th/9605023"

% both produce 

%

%    \href{http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/9605023}{{\tt hep-th/9605023}}

%

% in the bibliographic output at the appropriate point. More generally,

% if the archive field is present, we produce a URL of the form

% "archive/eprint" as the first argument of the \href. If absent, the base

% URL defaults to "http://arxiv.org/abs"

% If you are using a hypertex macropackage, like hyperref.sty, this command

% will create a link to the eprint at Los Alamos (or wherever).

%

% "New-style" arXiv identifiers are also supported.

%

%     archivePrefix = "arXiv",

%     eprint    = "0707.3168",

%     primaryClass = "hep-th",

%

% produces

%

%     \href{http://arxiv.org/abs/0707.3168}{{\tt arXiv:0707.3168 [hep-th]}}

%

% Another (non-arXiv) example:

%

%     archive = "http://cogprints.org",

%     eprint = "5542",

%     archivePrefix = "Cogprints",

%

%  produces

%

%     \href{http://cogprints.org/5542}{{\tt Cogprints:5542}}

%

%  If a

%

%       doi = "10.xxxx"

%

%  field is present, then the journal reference becomes a

%  clickable hyperlink to the online journal version of the paper.

%

% The bibtex output produced by SPIRES, while far from perfect, is pretty

% suitable for use with this style. Indeed, this style was designed with

% SPIRES in mind.

% See the file btxbst.doc for extra documentation other than

% what is included here.  And see btxhak.tex for a description

% of the BibTeX language and how to use it.

% This defines the types of fields that can occur in a database entry

% for this particular bibliography style.  Except for `language',

% this is the standard list from plain.bst.

%% Types of entries currently allowed in a BibTeX file:

%%

%% ARTICLE -- An article from a journal or magazine.

%%

%% BOOK -- A book with an explicit publisher.

%%

%% BOOKLET -- A work that is printed and bound,

%% but without a named publisher or sponsoring institution.

%%

%% CONFERENCE -- The same as INPROCEEDINGS,

%% included for Scribe compatibility.

%%

%% INBOOK -- A part of a book,

%% which may be a chapter (or section or whatever) and/or a range of pages.

%%

%% INCOLLECTION -- A part of a book having its own title.

%%

%% INPROCEEDINGS -- An article in a conference proceedings.

%%

%% MANUAL -- Technical documentation.

%%

%% MASTERSTHESIS -- A Master's thesis.

%%

%% MISC -- Use this type when nothing else fits.

%%

%% PHDTHESIS -- A PhD thesis.

%%

%% PROCEEDINGS -- The proceedings of a conference.

%%

%% TECHREPORT -- A report published by a school or other institution,

%% usually numbered within a series.

%%

%% UNPUBLISHED -- A document having an author and title, but not formally

%% published.

ENTRY

  { address

    author

    booktitle

    chapter

    edition

    editor

    howpublished

    institution

    journal

    key

    language

    month

    mrnumber

    note

    number

    organization

    pages

    publisher

    school

    series

    title

    type

    volume

    year

    archive

    archivePrefix

    collaboration

    doi

    eprint

    primaryClass

    report

    SLACcitation

    url

  }

  {}

  { label bysame }

% Removed after.sentence, after.block---not needed.

INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.quote after.sentence

		after.quoted.block after.block }

FUNCTION {init.state.consts}

{ #0 'before.all :=

  #1 'mid.sentence :=

  #2 'after.quote :=

  #3 'after.sentence :=

  #4 'after.quoted.block :=

  #5 'after.block :=

}

% Scratch variables:

STRINGS { s t }

% Utility functions

FUNCTION {shows}

{ duplicate$ "::::  `" swap$ * "'" * top$

}

FUNCTION {showstack}

{"STACK====================================================================="

top$

stack$

"ENDSTACK=================================================================="

top$

}

FUNCTION {not}

{   { #0 }

    { #1 }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {and}

{   'skip$

    { pop$ #0 }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {or}

{   { pop$ #1 }

    'skip$

  if$

}

FUNCTION {field.or.null}

{ duplicate$ empty$

    { pop$ "" }

    'skip$

  if$

}

FUNCTION {emphasize}

{ duplicate$ empty$

    { pop$ "" }

    { "\emph{" swap$ * "}" * }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {tt}

{ duplicate$ empty$

   { pop$ "" }

   { "{\tt " swap$ * "}" * }

 if$

}

% n.dashify is used to make sure page ranges get the TeX code

% (two hyphens) for en-dashes.

FUNCTION {n.dashify}

{ 't :=

  ""

    { t empty$ not }

    { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =

	{ t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not

	    { "--" *

	      t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=

	    }

	    {   { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }

		{ "-" *

		  t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=

		}

	      while$

	    }

	  if$

	}

	{ t #1 #1 substring$ *

	  t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=

	}

      if$

    }

  while$

}

% tie.or.space.connect connects two items with a ~ if the

% second item is less than 3 letters long, otherwise it just puts an

% ordinary space.

FUNCTION {tie.or.space.connect}

{ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <

    { "~" }

    { " " }

  if$

  swap$ * *

}

FUNCTION {add.space.if.necessary}

{ duplicate$ "" =

    'skip$

    { " " * }

  if$

}

% either.or.check gives a warning if two mutually exclusive fields

% were used in the database.

FUNCTION {either.or.check}

{ empty$

    'pop$

    { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }

  if$

}

% output.nonnull is called by output.

FUNCTION {output.nonnull}

% remove the top item from the stack because it's in the way.

{ 's :=

  output.state mid.sentence =

% If we're in mid-sentence, add a comma to the new top item and write it

    { ", " * write$ }

% Otherwise, if we're at the beginning of a bibitem,

    { output.state before.all =

% just write out the top item from the stack;

      'write$

% and the last alternative is that we're at the end of the current

% bibitem, so we add a period to the top stack item and write it out.

        { add.period$ " " * write$ }

      if$

      mid.sentence 'output.state :=

    }

  if$

% Put the top item back on the stack that we removed earlier.

  s

}

% Output checks to see if the stack top is empty; if not, it

% calls output.nonnull to write it out.

FUNCTION {output}

{ duplicate$ empty$

    'pop$

    'output.nonnull

  if$

}

% Standard warning message for a missing or empty field. For the user

% we call any such field `missing' without respect to the distinction

% made by BibTeX between missing and empty.

FUNCTION {missing.warning}

{ "missing " swap$ * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }

% Output.check is like output except that it gives a warning on-screen

% if the given field in the database entry is empty.  t is the field

% name.

FUNCTION {output.check}

{ 't :=

  duplicate$ empty$

    { pop$ t missing.warning }

    'output.nonnull

  if$

}

FUNCTION {output.bibitem}

{ newline$

  "\bibitem{" write$

  cite$ write$

  "}" write$

  newline$

% This empty string is the first thing that will be written

% the next time write$ is called.  Done this way because each

% item is saved on the stack until we find out what punctuation

% should be added after it.  Therefore we need an empty first item.

  ""

  before.all 'output.state :=

}

FUNCTION {output.nonempty.mrnumber}

{ duplicate$ missing$

    { pop$ "" }

    'skip$

  if$

  duplicate$ empty$

    'pop$

    { " \MR{" swap$ * "}" * write$ }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {blank.sep}

{ after.quote 'output.state :=

}

FUNCTION {fin.entry}

{ add.period$

  write$

%  mrnumber output.nonempty.mrnumber

  newline$

}

% Removed new.block, new.block.checka, new.block.checkb, new.sentence,

% new.sentence.checka, and new.sentence.checkb functions here, since they

% don't seem to be needed in the AMS style.  Also moved some real

% basic functions like `and' and 'or' earlier in the file.

FUNCTION {new.block}

{ output.state before.all =

    'skip$

    { output.state after.quote =

	{ after.quoted.block 'output.state := }

	{ after.block 'output.state := }

      if$

    }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {new.sentence}

{ output.state after.block =

    'skip$

    { output.state before.all =

	'skip$

	{ after.sentence 'output.state := }

      if$

    }

  if$

}

INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }

% The extra section to write out a language field was added

% for AMSPLAIN.BST.  Not present in plain.bst.

FUNCTION {format.language}

{ language empty$

    { "" }

    { " (" language * ")" * }

  if$

}

% This version of format.names puts names in the format

%

% First von Last, Jr.

%

% (i.e., first name first, no abbreviating to initials).

FUNCTION {format.names}

{ 's :=

  #1 'nameptr :=

  s num.names$ 'numnames :=

  numnames 'namesleft :=

    { namesleft #0 > }

    { s nameptr "{ff~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ 't :=

      nameptr #1 >

	{ namesleft #1 >

	    { ", " * t * }

	    { numnames #2 >

		{ "," * }

		'skip$

	      if$

	      t "others" =

		{ " et~al." * }

		{ " and " * t * }

	      if$

	    }

	  if$

	}

	't

      if$

      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=

      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=

    }

  while$

}

FUNCTION {format.authors}

{ author empty$

    { "" }

    { bysame "\bysame" =

         {"\bysame"}

         { author format.names }

     if$

    }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {format.editors}

{ editor empty$

    { "" }

    { editor format.names

      editor num.names$ #1 >

	{ " (eds.)" * }

	{ " (ed.)" * }

      if$

    }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {format.nonauthor.editors}

{ editor empty$

    { "" }

    { editor format.names

      editor num.names$ #1 >

	{ ", eds." * }

	{ ", ed." * }

      if$

    }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {format.archive}

{

  archivePrefix empty$

      { "" }

      { archivePrefix ":" *}

  if$            

}

FUNCTION {format.title}

{ title empty$

    { "" }

%    { title "t" change.case$ emphasize }

   { title emphasize }

 if$

}

FUNCTION {format.primaryClass}

{

  primaryClass empty$

      { "" }

      { " [" primaryClass * "]" *}

  if$            

}

FUNCTION {format.eprint}

{ eprint empty$

     { ""}

     { archive empty$

          {"\href{http://arxiv.org/abs/" eprint * "}" * 

             "{{\tt " * format.archive * eprint *

              format.primaryClass * "}}" *}

          {"\href{" archive *  "/" * eprint * "}" * 

             "{{\tt " * format.archive * eprint *

              format.primaryClass * "}}" *}

       if$

     }

     if$

}

FUNCTION {format.url}

{ url empty$

    { "" }

    {"\url{" url * "}" *}

  if$

}

FUNCTION {add.doi}

{ duplicate$ empty$

    { skip$ }

    { doi empty$

        {}

        {"\href{http://dx.doi.org/" doi * "}{" * swap$ * "}" *}

      if$

    }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {format.report}

{ report empty$

     { ""}

     { report}

  if$

}

FUNCTION {format.journal.vol.year}

{ journal empty$

   { "" "journal name" missing.warning }

   { journal

  volume empty$

    'skip$

    { " \textbf{" * volume * "}" * }

  if$

  year empty$

    { "year" missing.warning }

    { " (" * year * ")" * }

  if$

   }

 if$

}

% For formatting the issue number for a journal article.

FUNCTION {format.number}

{ number empty$

    { "" }

    { "no.~" number * }

  if$

}

% For formatting miscellaneous dates

FUNCTION {format.date}

{ year empty$

    { month empty$

	{ "" }

	{ "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$

	  month

	}

      if$

    }

    { month empty$

	'year

	{ month " " * year * }

      if$

    }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {format.collaboration}

{ collaboration empty$

    { "" }

    { "{\bf " collaboration * "} " * "Collaboration" * }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {format.SLACcitation}

{ SLACcitation empty$

  {""}

   { newline$ SLACcitation output "" newline$ }

  if$

}

%%      The volume, series and number information is sort of tricky.

%%      This code handles it as follows:

%%      If the series is present, and the volume, but not the number,

%%        then we do "\emph{Book title}, Series Name, vol. 000"

%%      If the series is present, and the number, but not the volume,

%%        then we do "\emph{Book title}, Series Name, no. 000"

%%      If the series is present, and both number and volume,

%%        then we do "\emph{Book title}, vol. XX, Series Name, no. 000"

%%      Finally, if the series is absent,

%%        then we do "\emph{Book title}, vol. XX"

%%        or         "\emph{Book title}, no. 000"

%%        and if both volume and number are present, give a warning message.

FUNCTION {format.bookvolume.series.number}

{ volume empty$

    { "" % Push the empty string as a placeholder in case everything else

         % is empty too.

      series empty$

        'skip$

        { pop$ series } % if series is not empty put in stack

      if$

      number empty$

        'skip$

        { duplicate$ empty$ % if no preceding material,

            'skip$          % do nothing, otherwise

            { ", " * }      % add a comma and space to separate.

          if$

          "no." number tie.or.space.connect * % add the number information

        }

      if$

    }

%% If the volume is NOT EMPTY:

    { "vol." volume tie.or.space.connect % vol. XX

      number empty$

        { series empty$

            'skip$

            { series ", " * swap$ *}    % Series Name, vol. XX

          if$

        }

        { series empty$

            { "can't use both volume and number if series info is missing"

              warning$

              "in BibTeX entry type `" type$ * "'" * top$

            }

            { ", " * series * ", no." * number tie.or.space.connect }

          if$

        }

      if$

    }

  if$

}  % end of format.bookvolume.series.number

%% format.inproc.title.where.editors is used by inproceedings entry types

%%      No case changing or emphasizing for the title.  We want initial

%%      caps, roman.

%%      We add parentheses around the address (place where conference

%%      was held).

%%      Likewise we add parentheses around the editors' names.

FUNCTION {format.inproc.title.address.editors}

{ booktitle empty$

    { "" }

    { booktitle

      address empty$

        'skip$

        { add.space.if.necessary "(" * address * ")" * }

      if$

      editor empty$

        'skip$

        { add.space.if.necessary "(" * format.nonauthor.editors * ")" * }

      if$

    }

  if$

}

%% format.incoll.title.editors is similar to format.inproc... but

%% omits the address. For collections that are not proceedings volumes.

FUNCTION {format.incoll.title.editors}

{ booktitle empty$

    { "" }

    { editor empty$

        { booktitle }

        { booktitle

          add.space.if.necessary "(" * format.nonauthor.editors * ")" *

        }

      if$

    }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {format.edition}

{ edition empty$

    { "" }

    { output.state mid.sentence =

	{ edition "l" change.case$ " ed." * }

	{ edition "t" change.case$ " ed." * }

      if$

    }

  if$

}

INTEGERS { multiresult }

FUNCTION {multi.page.check}

{ 't :=

  #0 'multiresult :=

    { multiresult not

      t empty$ not

      and

    }

    { t #1 #1 substring$

      duplicate$ "-" =

      swap$ duplicate$ "," =

      swap$ "+" =

      or or

	{ #1 'multiresult := }

	{ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }

      if$

    }

  while$

  multiresult

}

FUNCTION {format.pages}

{ pages empty$

    { "" }

    { pages n.dashify }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {format.book.pages}

{ pages empty$

    { "" }

    { pages multi.page.check

	{ "pp.~" pages n.dashify * }

	{ "p.~" pages * }

      if$

    }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages}

{ chapter empty$

    'format.book.pages

    { type empty$

	{ "ch.~" }

	{ type "l" change.case$ " " * }

      if$

      chapter *

      pages empty$

	'skip$

	{ ", " * format.book.pages * }

      if$

    }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {empty.misc.check}

{ author empty$ title empty$ howpublished empty$

  month empty$ year empty$ note empty$

  and and and and and

  key empty$ not and

    { "all relevant fields are empty in " cite$ * warning$ }

    'skip$

  if$

}

FUNCTION {format.thesis.type}

{ type empty$

    'skip$

    { pop$

      type "t" change.case$

    }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {format.tr.number}

{ type empty$

    { "Tech. Report" }

    'type

  if$

  number empty$

    { "t" change.case$ }

    { number tie.or.space.connect }

  if$

}

% The format.crossref functions haven't been paid much attention

% at the present time (June 1990) and could probably use some

% work.  MJD

FUNCTION {format.article.crossref}

{ key empty$

    { journal empty$

	{ "need key or journal for " cite$ * " to crossref " * crossref *

	  warning$

	  ""

	}

	{ "in " journal * }

      if$

    }

    { "in " key * }

  if$

  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *

}

FUNCTION {format.crossref.editor}

{ editor #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$

  editor num.names$ duplicate$

  #2 >

    { pop$ " et~al." * }

    { #2 <

	'skip$

	{ editor #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =

	    { " et~al." * }

	    { " and " * editor #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }

	  if$

	}

      if$

    }

  if$

}

FUNCTION {format.book.crossref}

{ volume empty$

    { "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$

      "in "

    }

    { "vol." volume tie.or.space.connect

      " of " *

    }

  if$

  editor empty$

  editor field.or.null author field.or.null =

  or

    { key empty$

	{ series empty$

	    { "need editor, key, or series for " cite$ * " to crossref " *

	      crossref * warning$

	      "" *

	    }

	    { series * }

	  if$

	}

	{ key * }

      if$

    }

    { format.crossref.editor * }

  if$

  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *

}

FUNCTION {format.incoll.inproc.crossref}

{ editor empty$

  editor field.or.null author field.or.null =

  or

    { key empty$

	{ booktitle empty$

	    { "need editor, key, or booktitle for " cite$ * " to crossref " *

	      crossref * warning$

	      ""

	    }

	    { "in \emph{" booktitle * "}" * }

	  if$

	}

	{ "in " key * }

      if$

    }

    { "in " format.crossref.editor * }

  if$

  " \cite{" * crossref * "}" *

}

%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

% The main functions for each entry type.

% journal, vol and year are formatted together because they are

% not separated by commas.

FUNCTION {article}

{ output.bibitem

 format.collaboration output

  format.authors "author" output.check

  format.title "title" output.check

  crossref missing$

 { journal missing$ 

     {}

     { format.journal.vol.year add.doi "journal, volume, and year" output.check

      format.number output

      format.pages "pages" output.check

    }

     if$

    report missing$

        {format.eprint output}

        {blank.sep format.report output format.eprint output}

      if$

  }

    { format.article.crossref output.nonnull

      format.pages "pages" output.check

     format.eprint output

    }

  if$

 new.sentence

  format.language *

  new.sentence

  format.url output

  new.sentence

  note output

  new.sentence

  format.SLACcitation output

  fin.entry

}

FUNCTION {book}

{ output.bibitem

  format.collaboration output

  author empty$

    { format.editors "author and editor" output.check }

    { format.authors output.nonnull

      crossref missing$

	{ "author and editor" editor either.or.check }

	'skip$

      if$

    }

  if$

 format.title add.doi "title" output.check

  format.edition output

  crossref missing$

    { format.bookvolume.series.number output

      publisher "publisher" output.check

      address output

    }

    { format.book.crossref output.nonnull

    }

  if$

  format.date "year" output.check

  format.language *

  new.block

 format.eprint output

  new.block

 format.url output

 new.block

  note output

 new.sentence

 format.SLACcitation output

  fin.entry

}

FUNCTION {booklet}

{ output.bibitem

  format.authors output

  format.title "title" output.check

  howpublished output

  address output

  format.date output

 new.block

 format.eprint output

 new.block

  format.url output

  new.block

  note output

 new.sentence

 format.SLACcitation output

  fin.entry

}

FUNCTION {inbook}

{ output.bibitem

  format.collaboration output

  author empty$

    { format.editors "author and editor" output.check }

    { format.authors output.nonnull

      crossref missing$

	{ "author and editor" editor either.or.check }

	'skip$

      if$

    }

  if$

  format.title "title" output.check

  format.edition output

  crossref missing$

    { format.bookvolume.series.number output

      format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check

      publisher "publisher" output.check

      address output

    }

    { format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check

      format.book.crossref output.nonnull

    }

  if$

  format.date "year" output.check

  format.language *

  new.block

 format.eprint output

  new.block

 format.url output

  new.block

  note output

 new.sentence

 format.SLACcitation output

  fin.entry

}

FUNCTION {incollection}

{ output.bibitem

  format.collaboration output

  format.authors "author" output.check

 format.title add.doi "title" output.check

  crossref missing$

    { format.incoll.title.editors "booktitle" output.check

      format.bookvolume.series.number output

      publisher "publisher" output.check

      address output

      format.edition output

      format.date "year" output.check

    }

    { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull

    }

  if$

  format.book.pages output

  format.language *

  new.block

 format.eprint output

 new.block

  format.url output

  new.block

 note output

 new.sentence

 format.SLACcitation output

  fin.entry

}

FUNCTION {inproceedings}

{ output.bibitem

  format.collaboration output

  format.authors "author" output.check

 format.title add.doi "title" output.check

  crossref missing$

    { format.inproc.title.address.editors "booktitle" output.check

      format.bookvolume.series.number output

      organization output

      publisher output

      format.date "year" output.check

    }

    { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull

    }

  if$

  format.book.pages output

  new.block

 format.eprint output

  new.block

 format.url output

  new.block

  format.language *

  note output

  new.sentence

  format.SLACcitation output

  fin.entry

}

FUNCTION {conference} { inproceedings }

FUNCTION {manual}

{ output.bibitem

  format.collaboration output

  author empty$

    { organization empty$

	'skip$

	{ organization output.nonnull

	  address output

	}

      if$

    }

    { format.authors output.nonnull }

  if$

  format.title "title" output.check

  author empty$

    { organization empty$

	{ address output }

	'skip$

      if$

    }

    { organization output

      address output

    }

  if$

  format.edition output

  format.date output

  new.block

 format.eprint output

  new.block

  format.url output

  new.block

  note output

  fin.entry

}

FUNCTION {mastersthesis}

{ output.bibitem

  format.authors "author" output.check

 format.title add.doi "title" output.check

  "Master's thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull

  school "school" output.check

  address output

  format.date "year" output.check

  format.book.pages output

 new.block

 format.eprint output

 new.block

  format.url output

  new.block

  note output

  fin.entry

}

FUNCTION {misc}

{ output.bibitem

  format.collaboration output

  format.authors output

 format.title add.doi output

  howpublished output

  format.date output

  format.book.pages output

 new.block

 format.eprint output

 new.block

  format.url output

  new.sentence

  note output

  new.sentence

  fin.entry

  empty.misc.check

}

FUNCTION {phdthesis}

{ output.bibitem

  format.authors "author" output.check

 format.title add.doi "title" output.check

  "Ph.D. thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull

  school "school" output.check

  address output

  format.date "year" output.check

  format.book.pages output

 new.block

 format.eprint output

 new.block

  format.url output

  new.block

  note output

  new.sentence

  format.SLACcitation output

  fin.entry

}

FUNCTION {proceedings}

{ output.bibitem

  editor empty$

    { organization output }

    { format.editors output.nonnull }

  if$

 format.title add.doi "title" output.check

  format.bookvolume.series.number output

  address empty$

    { editor empty$

        'skip$

	{ organization output }

      if$

      publisher output

      format.date "year" output.check

    }

    { address output.nonnull

      editor empty$

	'skip$

	{ organization output }

      if$

      publisher output

      format.date "year" output.check

    }

  if$

 format.eprint output

%  new.block

  format.url output

  note output

  new.sentence

  format.SLACcitation output

  fin.entry

}

FUNCTION {techreport}

{ output.bibitem

  format.authors "author" output.check

  format.title "title" output.check

  format.tr.number output.nonnull

  institution "institution" output.check

  address output

  format.date "year" output.check

 format.eprint output

%  new.block

  note output

  fin.entry

}

FUNCTION {unpublished}

{ output.bibitem

  format.authors "author" output.check

  format.title "title" output.check

  note "note" output.check

  format.date output

 format.eprint output

 format.url output

  new.sentence

  format.SLACcitation output

  fin.entry

}

FUNCTION {default.type} { misc }

MACRO {jan} {"January"}

MACRO {feb} {"February"}

MACRO {mar} {"March"}

MACRO {apr} {"April"}

MACRO {may} {"May"}

MACRO {jun} {"June"}

MACRO {jul} {"July"}

MACRO {aug} {"August"}

MACRO {sep} {"September"}

MACRO {oct} {"October"}

MACRO {nov} {"November"}

MACRO {dec} {"December"}

READ

FUNCTION {sortify}

{ purify$

  "l" change.case$

}

INTEGERS { len }

FUNCTION {chop.word}

{ 's :=

  'len :=

  s #1 len substring$ =

    { s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ }

    's

  if$

}

FUNCTION {sort.format.names}

{ 's :=

  #1 'nameptr :=

  ""

  s num.names$ 'numnames :=

  numnames 'namesleft :=

    { namesleft #0 > }

    { nameptr #1 >

	{ "   " * }

	'skip$

      if$

      s nameptr "{vv{ } }{ll{ }}{  ff{ }}{  jj{ }}" format.name$ 't :=

      nameptr numnames = t "others" = and

	{ "et al" * }

	{ t sortify * }

      if$

      nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=

      namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=

    }

  while$

}

FUNCTION {sort.format.title}

{ 't :=

  "A " #2

    "An " #3

      "The " #4 t chop.word

    chop.word

  chop.word

  sortify

  #1 global.max$ substring$

}

FUNCTION {author.sort}

{ author empty$

    { key empty$

	{ "to sort, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$

	  ""